氣候變遷學群 – 中國文化大學大氣與地質科學系

大氣海洋學

lmtsai — Sun, 15 Aug 2021 05:53:01 +0000

海洋對氣候的影響是目前科學研究的重點。表層海溫變化與其所引發的低層大氣環流之間有密切的海氣交互，例如：海溫年際變化主要歸因為大氣與海洋的熱通量及混合層的混流機制，海洋動力過程發揮了重要作用，但缺乏全面的了解。本課程內容為使大氣科學系學生能夠認識基本的物理海洋現象及原理, 瞭解海水運動的基本動力機制，以及大氣風場、熱通量及降雨對海洋上表層的影響。由於大氣及海洋同為地球上的流體，其動力原理非常類似。更因為大氣及海洋在自然界密接，二者的交互作用對彼此的影響均甚大。因此本課程非常適合大氣科學系學生學習。
Within the disciplinary of climate change and variability, the participation of the ocean is important. The ocean serves as a giant heat reservoir regulating the heat budget of the climate system, in addition, major climate fluctuations are dominated by the ocean-atmosphere coupled system. Besides the mixed layer process and the air-sea flux exchange, the oceanic dynamical process, which is closely linked with the climate variability and have potential influence on the sea surface temperature variation, are mostly overlooked.
This course is designed for atmosphere major students to get a broader understanding of the physical processes that occur in the ocean. Since both the atmosphere and the ocean are fluid, their governing equations are quite similar, it is therefore important and suitable for atmosphere major students to take this course. The course will cover the basic fluid dynamics equations, turbulent mixing, dynamics of the ocean currents and wind-driven circulation theories as well as the air-sea coupling processes.

物理氣候學

lmtsai — Sun, 15 Aug 2021 05:47:25 +0000

地球大氣與海洋、生物圈、地表過程有密切的交互作用，因此形成複雜且動態的氣候系統，本課程利用物理定律解釋地球氣候系統的特徵與變化，而非傳統自然地理領域中將氣候當成長期穩定的背景場來看待，因此著重在思考、理解及進行邏輯推理。課程內容會盡量避免使用太多公式，但仍然會有。主要內容包含氣候基本定義（包含基礎統計，需寫程式分析氣候資料）、全球能量平衡（但不涉及詳細的輻射傳遞方程及參數化）、水循環、大氣的大尺度環流、海洋環流與氣候的關係等。
The Earth climate system is a complex and dynamical system which is composed by the atmosphere, ocean, biosphere, and land processes. There are close interactions between these components. In this course, we describe the characteristics and variations of Earth climate system using physics, unlike the traditional view of geographers who usually treat climate as a stable mean state. We emphasize on thinking and understanding the climate system using limited mathematics and being able to explain the climate logically. The contents include basic definition of climate (including statistics), global energy balance (not include radiative transfer function and parameterization), hydrologic cycle, atmospheric and oceanic general circulations.

全球變遷導論

lmtsai — Sun, 15 Aug 2021 05:47:03 +0000

氣候對地球上的生物活動扮演很關鍵的角色，在全球暖化的趨勢下，我們對氣候系統運作的機制應有充分的瞭解。本課程將介紹及討論地球氣候系統的基本特徵及系統在氣候變遷下可能會產生的反應。內容除涵蓋快速氣候變遷對生態系統及人類社會帶來的衝擊與IPCC 氣候變遷報告的導讀等，對氣候劇變的世界，永續環境的經營等，亦會在課程中一併介紹。
This course is designed for the 3rd and 4th year undergraduate students. The climate plays an important role in Earth’s life and human activities. Our understanding of the mechanisms of climate systems has become crucial when global warming is getting worse. We will discuss the characteristics and possible mechanisms for Earth climate change, briefly explain how the Earth system may response to a perturbation and talk about what impacts may be brought to the ecosystem and human society when the Earth climate undergoes abrupt changes. Course contents include the introduction to climate system, energy balance, hydrological, carbon cycles, the simulation of Earth system, and the reading of IPCC climate assessment reports. Moreover, a brief of environment social, and governance (ESG) will be also discussed in the class as well.

熱帶氣象學

lmtsai — Sun, 15 Aug 2021 05:46:26 +0000

本課程偏重敘述性的介紹熱帶大氣的基本特徵。教學重點包括各種尺度之現象的介紹，例如：熱帶對流、大尺度環流與間熱帶輻合區、全球季風系統、熱帶低頻振盪、熱帶波動理論等。課程將說明熱帶現象形成的可能機制，不同尺度的現象如何互相影響，並討論熱帶現象對區域氣候及臺灣的可能影響。
The course emphasizes describing the observed phenomena on various scales in the tropics. The contents include tropical convection, large-scale circulation and the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone, global monsoon systems, low-frequency oscillations, and equatorial waves. We will explain possible mechanisms that induce these phenomena and their interactions. The impacts of tropical phenomena on regional climate and Taiwan.

氣候學CLIMATOLOGY

lmtsai — Sun, 15 Aug 2021 05:46:05 +0000

「氣候」指的是氣象要素或天氣現象長時間（世界氣象組織建議為30年），分月或按年加以歸類的平均狀態，例如春、夏、秋、冬四季變化以及寒暑、雨旱的更替等氣候特徵，都屬於氣候的時間尺度。地球氣候系統主要受大氣圈、水圈、冰圈、地圈和生物圈等五個子系統所影響，每個子系統對整體氣候系統之影響時間與範圍並不一致，且彼此間交相影響，使得氣候系統更形複雜。本課程藉由介紹維持地球氣候系統運作的基本原理，了解地球氣候系統的本質。此外，還將介紹氣候敏感度與反饋機制、氣候現象的形成與特性、全球氣候的分類方式、大氣環流和海洋洋流與氣候間的關聯以及世界各地的氣候特色，對學生瞭解全球氣候將有相當大的幫助。
The global climate system is a complex system and influenced by five subsystems of atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, which are strongly interrelated to each other. In this course, the fundamental theory of climate system is included. Subjects such as global energy balance, energy transfer, atmospheric circulation, climate sensitivity and feedback, monsoon and ENSO climate phenomenon will be introduced.

氣象資料統計

lmtsai — Sun, 15 Aug 2021 05:45:42 +0000

統計學是一種在不確定狀態下做決策的科學。而與天氣相關的研究可分為三部份，科學已知部份、未來科學可以解答之部分、另一則為科學無法理解之部分，因此，統計學除可以協助我們處理或瞭解後兩者所面對的不準度問題，也是天氣學研究的最基本分析工具。本課程即期盼經由統計學原理的介紹與應用，讓修習本課程的同學能具有基本的氣象統計概念。

Statistical methods have always been used in connection with weather prediction. The purpose of statistics is to develop objective means to summarize effectively existing information, to find relationship between the data, and to draw conclusions from them. The major objectives of this course are to equip students with the knowledge of basic statistical theorems as well as statistical methods to be applied in the meteorological problems.